西洋文學概論第11週

novel(平民文學)

**novànew

innovate (v.) to introduce changes and new ideas:
The fashion industry is always desperate to 

renovate (v.) to repair and improve something, especially a building:
He renovates old houses and sells them at a profit. 

novitiate (n.) the period of time that someone spends as a novice in a religious community 

November (n.)new year

genre—a literary type

*subgenre ( http://www.wwnorton.com/college/english/litweb05/glossary/glossary_s.htm)

a division within the category of a genre; novel, novella, and short story are subgenres of the genre fiction.

sub- à under

subaudition (n.)the act of understanding or supplying something not expressed : a reading between the lines

subconscious (a.) existing in the mind but not immediately available to consciousness <a subconscious motive>:

The memory was buried deep within my subconscious.

subsume (v.)[subàunder ; sumeàtake] to include something or someone as part of a larger group:
Soldiers from many different countries have been subsumed into the United Nations peace-keeping force.

bibliography  (n.) [C] [biblioàbook ; graphyàto wright]
a list of the books and articles that have been used by someone when writing a particular book or article:
Other sources of information are found in the bibliography at the end of this article.

*bibl- à book

Bible (n.) sacred writings of the Christian Church, comprising the Old and New Testaments

In the Bible it says that Adam and Eve were the first human beings.

bibliomania (n.)[ biblio(book) ; mania(craze)] extreme preoccupation with collecting books

bibliophile (n.) a person who loves or collects books

scene-by-scene 電影分場

literary glossary

*glossary (n) [C] 術語字典
an alphabetical list, with meanings, of the words or phrases in a text that are difficult to understand:
a glossary of technical terms

*aud/audio/audireàto listen ; to hear

audit (v.) to go regularly to class for a college course without asking for or receiving CREDIT for taking the course:

To audit is one of my favorite things.

auditorium (n.) the part of a theatre, or similar building, where the people who are watching and listening sit:
No smoking in the auditorium.

obedient (a.) doing, or willing to do, what you have been told to do by someone in authority:
Students are expected to be quiet and obedient in the classroom.
an obedient dog

*orièbeginning

oriental (a.) often capitalized : of, relating to, or situated in Asia:

There were Oriental carpets on the floors.

orientation (n.)[U] the particular interests, activities or aims that someone or something has:
We employ people without regard to their political or sexual orientation.

original (a.) not the same as anything or anyone else and therefore special and interesting:
original ideas/suggestions/work
She's a highly original young designer.

*obscure (a.) not clear to many people:
an obscure island in the Pacific
an obscure 12th-century mystic

***ob- àat ; against ; before ; near ; over ; towards

obdurate (a.) extremely determined to act in a particular way and not to change despite argument or persuasion:
The President remains obdurate on the question of tax cuts.

objurgate (n.) a harsh rebuke

ostentation (n.)[U] (disapproving) an exaggerated display of wealth, knowledge or skill that is made in order to impress people:

The house was spacious but without any trace of ostentation.

Gynecology & Obstetrics

puzzle

classic (a.)having a high quality or standard against which other things are judged:
Have you ever read Fielding's classic novel 'Tom Jones'?

classical (a.)belonging to or relating to the culture of ancient Rome and Greece:
the classical world
classical literature

elope (v.)[I]to leave home secretly in order to get married without the permission of parents:
She eloped with an Army officer.

Medea : an enchantress noted in Greek mythology for helping Jason gain the Golden Fleece and for repeatedly resorting to murder to gain her ends{chantàenchantàenchantress}

Aeson

Jason

Eason

Colchis

narrative (n.)a story or a description of a series of events:
It's a moving narrative of wartime adventure.

lyrical (adj.)expressing personal thoughts and feelings in a beautiful way:

The book contains lyrical descriptions of the author's childhood.

Hero (n.) a mythological or legendary figure often of divine descent endowed with great strength or ability

The harin

Gregorian chant (n.) a type of Christian church music for voices alone, used since the Middle Ages

rejuvenate (v.)to make someone look or feel young and energetic again:
She felt rejuvenated by her fortnight in the

rejuvenile (n.)

p.688

Corinth (隔壁國王；第二男配角)

Creon

Kreon

flashback

exile (v.)the condition of someone being sent or kept away from their own country, village, etc., especially for political reasons:
The king went into exile because of the political situation in his country.

**exàout

excel (v.)to be extremely good at something:
Rebecca always excelled in languages at school.

exasperate (vt.) irritate or annoy (sb) greatly 激怒, 觸怒, 惹惱（某人）:

That child exasperates me!

She was exasperated at/by his stupidity.

excerpt (v.)a short part taken from a speech, book, film, etc:
An excerpt from her new thriller will appear in this weekend's magazine.

salvation (n.)(a way of) being saved from danger, loss or harm:
After the diagnosis, getting to know Mary was his salvation.

hate(v.)

hateful(a.)

hatred(n.)

wretch (n.)a person who experiences something unpleasant:
a poor/miserable wretch

Deus ex machine (n.) an artificial or very unlikely end to a story or event, which solves or removes any problems too easily  從天上飛下來的機器神

Little Red Riding Hood is a famous fairy tale about a young girl and a big bad wolf. The story has been changed considerably in its history and subject to numerous modern adaptations and readings.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood

*-hood ; -headà名詞字尾，表示時間、狀況、性質

falsehood (n.)the state of not being true; the act of telling a lie:

to test the truth or falsehood of her claims

livelihood (n.)(the way someone earns) the money people need to pay for food, a place to live, clothing, etc:
Many ship workers could lose their livelihoods because of falling orders for new ships.

maidenhead (n.) an old word meaning a woman's hymen

**hooding ceremony 加冕儀式

Sonic screwdriver

p.502

Dionysus

Deity--gold

The New Christy Minstrels - Today

Today　　　　　The New Christy Minstrels

*Today while the blossoms still cling to the vine
I'll taste your strawberries
I'll drink your sweet wine
A million tomorrows shall all pass away
Ere I forget all the joy that is mine today

I'll be a dandy and I'll be a rover
You'll know who I am by the song that I sing
I'll feast at your table
I'll sleep in your clover
Who cares what tomorrow shall bring?

Today while the blossoms still cling to the vine
I'll taste your strawberries
I'll drink your sweet wine

I can't be contented with yesterday's glory
I can't live on promises winter to spring
Today is my moment and now is my story
I'll laugh and I'll cry and I'll sing(*)

Vine

Thespis

tragedian

comedian

dramatist

playwright

1.vagabond (n.)a person who has no home and usually no job, and who travels from place to place:
They live a vagabond life/existence, travelling around in a caravan.


2.scrap (v.)to not continue with a system or plan:
They're considering scrapping the tax and raising the money in other ways.
We scrapped our plans for a trip to France.


3.affliction (n.)something that makes you suffer:
Malnutrition is one of the common afflictions of the poor.


4.mortify (v.)to cause someone to feel extremely ashamed:
If I told her that she'd upset him she'd be mortified.




5.boundless (a.)certain or extremely likely to happen:
[+ to infinitive] You're bound to forget people's names occasionally.
You're bound to feel nervous about your interview.
These two young musicians are bound for international success (= are certain to be successful).


6.monarch (n.)a king or queen:
a hereditary monarch
Britain's head of state is a constitutional monarch (= only has very limited powers).


7.retainer (v.)to keep or continue to have something:
She has lost her battle to retain control of the company.
He managed to retain his dignity throughout the performance.
She succeeded in retaining her lead in the second half of the race.
I have a good memory and am able to retain (= remember) facts easily.


8.agonize (v.)to spend a long time worrying and being upset about something:
agonize over/about: For years I agonized over whether I could have helped my daughter.


9.bridal (a.)of a woman about to be married, or of a marriage ceremony:
The magazine had a section on bridal wear (= the clothes that a woman wears at her marriage).
We stayed in the hotel's bridal suite (= the rooms for recently married people).


10.furrow (n.)a long line or hollow which is formed or cut into the surface of something:
A deep furrow has formed in the rock, where water has run over it for centuries.
Years of anxiety have lined her brow with deep furrows.


11.dirge (n.)a slow sad song or piece of music, sometimes played because someone has died


12.inflict (v.)to force someone to experience something very unpleasant:
These new bullets are capable of inflicting massive injuries.
The suffering inflicted on these children was unimaginable.




13.frantic (a.)almost out of control because of extreme emotion, such as anxiety:
Where on earth have you been? We've been frantic with worry.


14.hurl (v.)to throw something with a lot of force, usually in an angry or violent way:
In a fit of temper he hurled the book across the room.
Youths hurled stones at the soldiers.


15.socket (n.)the part of a piece of equipment, especially electrical equipment, into which another part fits:
an electrical socket
a light socket
He had forgotten to plug the television into the wall/UK mains socket.
The air freshener plugs into a car's lighter socket.


16.wrench (v.)to pull and twist something suddenly or violently away from a fixed position:
The photographer tripped over a lead, wrenching a microphone from its stand.
The phone had been wrenched from/off the wall.
The ball was wrenched out of his grasp by another player.
His hands were tied but he managed to wrench himself free.




17.halter (n.)a piece of rope or a leather strap which is tied round an animal's head so that it can be led by someone or tied to something


18.spurt (v.)to (cause to) flow out suddenly and with force, in a fast stream:
Blood was spurting out all over the place.
His arm was spurting blood where the vein had been severed.


19.gush (v.)to flow or send out quickly and in large amounts:
Oil gushed (out) from the hole in the tanker.
Blood was gushing from his nose.
Her arm gushed blood where the knife had gone in.


20.ancestral (n.)a person, plant, animal or object that is related to one existing at a later point in time:
There were portraits of his ancestors on the walls of the room.
This wooden instrument is the ancestor of the modern metal flute.


21.godforsaken (a.)describes a place that is unattractive and contains nothing interesting or pleasant:
The town is a godforsaken place at night.


22.dagger (n.)a short pointed knife which is sharp on both sides, used especially in the past as a weapon


23.ordain (v.)to officially make someone a priest or other religious leader, in a religious ceremony:
He was ordained (as) a priest in Oxford cathedral in 1987.


24.defile (v.)to spoil the beauty, importance, purity, etc. of something or someone:
It's a shame that such a beautiful area has been defiled by a rubbish dump.
The soldiers deliberately defiled all the holy places.




25.lecture (n.)a formal talk on a serious or specialist subject given to a group of people, especially students:
We went to a lecture on Italian art.
Who's giving the lecture this afternoon?


26.sacred (a.)considered to be holy and deserving respect, especially because of a connection with a god:
sacred relics/temples
This area is sacred to the Apaches.


27.glitter (v.)to produce a lot of small bright flashes of reflected light:
Her diamond necklace glittered brilliantly under the spotlights.


28.ravine (n.)a deep narrow valley with steep sides


29.piety (a.)strongly believing in religion, and living in a way which shows this belief:
She is a pious follower of the faith, never missing her prayers.


30.fret (v.)to be anxious or worried:
Don't fret - I'm sure he's OK.
She spent the day fretting about/over what she'd said to Nicky.


31.moderate (a.)neither small nor large but between the two; clearly within the limits of a range of possibilities:
moderate growth/inflation
He's a moderate drinker.
The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family.
Imposing sanctions is a moderate action when you consider that the alternative is military intervention.


32.revel (n.)to dance, drink, sing, etc. at a party or in public, especially in a noisy way


33.indignant (a.)angry because of something which is wrong or not fair:
She wrote an indignant letter to the paper complaining about the council's action.
He became very indignant when it was suggested he had made a mistake.


34.vile (a.)unpleasant, immoral and unacceptable:
This vile policy of ethnic cleansing must be stopped.


35.banish (v.)to send someone away, especially from their country, and forbid them to come back:
He was banished to an uninhabited island for a year.
They were banished (= sent out) from the library for making a noise.